DIO216

DIO216

在分析各種狀態時，要特別注意系統從一種工作狀態轉換到另一種工作狀態，是由哪些原件發出的信號，使哪些控制原件動作，從而改變什么通路狀態，達到何種狀態的轉換。在閱讀時還要注意，主油路和控制油路是否有矛盾，是否相互干擾等。在分析各個動作油路的基礎上，列出電磁鐵和其它轉換元件動作順序表。

液壓原理圖的快速識別方法比較難掌握的是液壓的圖形符號，因為液壓技術中各種元器件類型繁多，在機電一體化的設備應用領域也非常廣泛，再加上技術的飛速發展，盡管圖形符號有相關的國際與標準，但是標準也是不斷變化的;還有的廠商標新立異也使得標準變化，因此現今的液壓系統油路圖上，經常出現一些似是而非、莫名其妙、找不到對應標準的符號，這就使得識讀液壓原理圖有時候很困難。

通常的解決辦法有二種，一是從總體上分析其功能，在掌握功能的基礎上進行識讀;二是從樣本找出標新立異的規律，例如溢流閥的符號，要像減壓閥那樣從進口引一條的線回來，實際上表示背壓的影響，不是有什么新花樣，只要掌握原理，對照樣本就能識讀。

控制元件包括方向控制元件、流量控制元件、壓力控制元件。在學習的過程中要注重對比利用圖形符號的異同點進行記憶不失為一種好方法。例如壓力控制元件即壓力閥按照其功能和用途不同可分為溢流閥、減壓閥、順序閥、壓力繼電器等。

溢流閥圖形符號特征:方框內箭頭與表示進出油口的線段錯開(意為初始狀態下進出油口不通)，虛線從箭頭的起始位置引出(意為控制油液從進油口引出)，無虛線引出油箱(意為采用內泄式)，出口一般通油箱。

順序閥圖形符號特征:方框內箭頭與表示進出油口的線段錯開(意為初始狀態下進出油口不通)，虛線從箭頭的起始位置引出(意為控制油液從進油口引出)，有虛線引出油箱(意為采用外泄式)，出口連接工作油路。

減壓閥圖形符號特征:方框內箭頭連接表示進出油口的線段(意為初始狀態下進出油口連通)，虛線從箭頭的終止位置引出(意為控制油液從出油口引出)，有虛線引出油箱(意為采用外泄式)，出口連接工作油路。壓力繼電器是一種將液體壓力信號轉換成電信號的電液控制元件，圖形符號特征:方框一邊為液控符號，相對的一邊為復位彈簧，方框內有倒三角布置的三點，下方和靠近液控符號的兩點由線段相連。

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BERSTORF EXTRUDER GEAR 42972274.01 Z68 NEW

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